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Monago, C. C.
- Hepatoprotective Effect of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Boswellia dalzielii hutch on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Port Harcourt, River state, NG
1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Port Harcourt, River state, NG
Source
Indian Journal of Medicine and Healthcare, Vol 1, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 54-63Abstract
The aqueous extract of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch was reported to strengthen the liver. Hence, the effect of this plant on carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) induced hepatotoxicity was investigated. 96 male rats were divided into 7 groups of 12 rats each. 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg methanolic extract of the leaves of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch were administered orally for 4 weeks after 0.63ml of CCl4/kg body weight was used to induce hepatotoxicity. Reducdyn and vitamin E were used as standard control drugs. Liver functions were assessed by the assay of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TB) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The biochemical observations were confirmed by histological examinations of the liver sections and are comparable with the standard hepatoprotective drug, reducdyn and vitamin E, which served as positive control. The effect of the extract increased with increase in the extract concentration. When the different concentrations of the extract were compared with the drugs, they were found to mimic the hepatoprotective effect of the drugs. The overall experimental results indicate that the biologically active antioxidant phytoconstituents of the methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch could alleviate the toxic action of CCl4 in the liver of rat.Keywords
Boswellia dalzielii Hutch, carbon Tetrachloride, Hepatotoxicity, Histopathology, Liver Function Enzymes, Reducdyn,vitamin E, Anti-oxidants.Full Text
References
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- Antidiabetic and Antilipidemic Effects of Alkaloidal Extract of Emilia sonchifolia in Rat
Abstract Views :175 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, IN
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 51-56Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multifacial endocrine disease that affects many organs in the body like cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, nervous system and the eyes. Insulin therapy and the use of antidiabetic drugs have helped tremendously in the management of this disease but produce side effects like cardiovascular disease and weight gain. Local diabetics allegedly use extracts of Emilia sonchifolia leave in treatment of diabetes, hence, we deem it necessary to investigate the effects of the alkaloidal extract of the leave on glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in dihtizone- induced diabetes.
Methods: Dithizone (5mg/dl) was used to induce a partial destruction of the pancreas. Dithizone- induced diabetic rats were divided into five groups (A-E). The rats were treated with 16, 32, 48mg of extract/kg body weight, 48mg/kg of chlorpropamide (positive control) and 5mls of normal saline(negative control) for groups A, B, C, D and E respectively for 6, 12, 18 and 24hrs.
Results: Dithizone significantly (p<0.05) increased the glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels by percentage ranges of 32.45-36.55, 13.67-20.78 and 7.62-20.18% respectively. Both the graded concentration of the extract and chlorpropamide reduced the glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. The extract however, reduced cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels more than the chlorpropamide and control; while the chlorpropamide reduced the glucose level more than the extract and control.
Conclusion: The alkaloid extract of Emilia sonchifolia seems to have effect on experimental diabetes and its associated lipidemia. Further studies are needed for characterization of the extract and implementation.
Keywords
Dithizone, Diabetes, Chlorpropamide, Emilia sonchifolia, Alkaloid.
- Effects of Gasoline and Oxygenated Gasoline Inhalation on Lungs and Trachea in Rats
Abstract Views :181 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Portharcourt, Portharcourt, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University Of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NG
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Portharcourt, Portharcourt, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University Of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NG
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 12 (2011), Pagination: 1872-1876Abstract
Effects of 1, 2 and 3 month - inhalation of 1216, 1824, and 2432ppm of gasoline representing GO1, GO2 and GO3 respectively were studied in rats. The OG1, OG2 and OG3 groups, represent 2432ppm of gasoline oxygenated with 1, 2 and 3% of equal volumes of methanol and isopropyl ether, respectively. Lung collapse was observed in all the groups after 3 months of exposure except in the control. In GO3 however, the severity of lung collapse was high with pneumonitis. Groups OG2 and OG3 showed mild to moderate lung collapse. This shows that oxygenation reduced the severity of lung collapse. In the trachea, there was fragmentation of muscle fibers which is more severe in GO3 groups leading to hemorrhage into the lumen of the trachea. It was generally observed from the study, that inhalation of high concentrations of gasoline for a long time like 3 months may be deleterious to health.Keywords
Gasoline, Inhalation, Lungs, Treachea.- Diabinese and Nicotinic Acid Combination Reduced Cardiovascular Indices in Experimental Diabetes
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Method:Dithizone induced-diabetic rabbits grouped into A, B, C, D and E were treated for 72 hrs with 10 mg DB, 10 mg DB/150 mg NA, 10 mgDB/200 mg NA, 10 mg DB/250 mg NA, and 5 ml of Distil water respectively.
Result:Dithizone increased the blood glucose, urea, creatinine and creatine kinase levels. Combined therapy of DB/NA did not affect the urea level but significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of glucose, creatinine and creatine kinase than in single therapy.
Conclusion:Combination of diabinese and nicotinic acid could be used to reduce the high levels of glucose, creatinine and creatine kinase associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NG
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NG
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 3, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 785-790Abstract
Background:Cardiovascular diseases with high levels of creatine kinase have been reported in diabetics as major killer, globally. Can single effect of diabinese(DB)- antidiabetic drug and combined effects of DB and nicotinic acid (NA)-a vitamin and an antilipidemic drug be used to manage diabetes and this associated cardiovascular disease?Method:Dithizone induced-diabetic rabbits grouped into A, B, C, D and E were treated for 72 hrs with 10 mg DB, 10 mg DB/150 mg NA, 10 mgDB/200 mg NA, 10 mg DB/250 mg NA, and 5 ml of Distil water respectively.
Result:Dithizone increased the blood glucose, urea, creatinine and creatine kinase levels. Combined therapy of DB/NA did not affect the urea level but significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of glucose, creatinine and creatine kinase than in single therapy.
Conclusion:Combination of diabinese and nicotinic acid could be used to reduce the high levels of glucose, creatinine and creatine kinase associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Keywords
Diabinese, Nicotinic Acid, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease.- Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Levels in Blood of Refinery Workers in Nigeria
Abstract Views :159 |
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Petrol (gasoline) is composed of aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons which release carcinogenic and dangerous refinery fumes, when combusted in plants and thus health hazards. Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in the serum of refinery workers (men) in Oil zone plants in Nigeria were therefore analyzed.
Purpose of the study
The study intended to find out the levels of PAH in Oil zone plant workers, with 10-27 years of exposure. This will enable us to know the exposure rate and advice the workers appropriately.
Method
Gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (FID) was used. The men had worked for 8 hrs per day and 5 days per week, for 10-13, 14-19 and 20-27 years for groups A, B and C respectively. The Control group (D) comprised of 10 office workers (non-smokers) who had worked for 10-27 years.
Results
The levels of PAH (with only acenaphthene and acenaphthylene) in gasoline sample were 66.74701±0.03355 ppm/ml. PAH in the blood of workers in groups A-D were below detection limit (BDL).
Conclusion
The nature and the levels of PAH and TPH found in gasoline sample and blood of the refinery workers seem not to be deleterious to health but continuous exposure of humans to these hydrocarbons may have a long term effect.
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, NG
1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, NG
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 3, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 801-804Abstract
BackgroundPetrol (gasoline) is composed of aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons which release carcinogenic and dangerous refinery fumes, when combusted in plants and thus health hazards. Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in the serum of refinery workers (men) in Oil zone plants in Nigeria were therefore analyzed.
Purpose of the study
The study intended to find out the levels of PAH in Oil zone plant workers, with 10-27 years of exposure. This will enable us to know the exposure rate and advice the workers appropriately.
Method
Gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (FID) was used. The men had worked for 8 hrs per day and 5 days per week, for 10-13, 14-19 and 20-27 years for groups A, B and C respectively. The Control group (D) comprised of 10 office workers (non-smokers) who had worked for 10-27 years.
Results
The levels of PAH (with only acenaphthene and acenaphthylene) in gasoline sample were 66.74701±0.03355 ppm/ml. PAH in the blood of workers in groups A-D were below detection limit (BDL).
Conclusion
The nature and the levels of PAH and TPH found in gasoline sample and blood of the refinery workers seem not to be deleterious to health but continuous exposure of humans to these hydrocarbons may have a long term effect.